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空大(92)學長/面授指導: 紀靜芬_空大專任英語講師

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朝雲

留言時間

2010-04-09 16:27:37

標題

Chapter14考古題二

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When Burton’s sister arrived, I found that she was not at all the aggressive and hard woman I had expected.

這個句子可以分為四段話來解讀，在分段時請依據重要性（也就是貼身、保暖、裝飾的觀念）將這四段話區分為1, 2, 3，貼身的部分（主要結構）標1，裝飾的部分（最不重要的）標3。

My Chapter14考古題二練習

When Burton's sister arrived, I foundthat she was not at all the aggressive andhard woman I had expected.

這個句子可以分為四段話來解讀，在分段時請依據重要性（也就是貼身、保暖、裝飾的觀念）將這四段話區分為1, 2, 3，貼身的部分（.主要結構）標1，裝飾的部分（最不重要的）標3。

分四段 When …...../, I found /that she was ........(A)and (B) /I…........

1.主要結構 I found ….......

2.名詞子句that she was not at all the aggressive andhard woman

3.最不重要的I had expected.

附註:重點是學會分段，接著刪去或暫時遮住不去看非主要結構的英文字，所以，除非能找到句子裡的真正主詞和動詞，否則可能只會拼湊出非英文原意的中文意思來而不自覺。

>附屬子句When Burton's sister arrived,

>名詞子句由that所引導(或稱前置詞)用來當動詞found的受詞如下:我發現 that ......

that she was not at all the aggressive andhard woman

>形容子句形容前面的名詞woman它也是一個過去完成式

I had expected

有這個子句和沒有這個形容詞子句的差異分析?

有這個子句是襯托主體對Burton's sister 的印象，而這個印象的源頭又來自在到Burton作客之前，Burton對他家裡成員所作的描繪而形成的。

少掉了這個形容詞子句，那主詞和動詞I found接下去的名詞子句不就會變得既奇怪且語意又模糊不清...，難道第一次見面就能判斷Burton's sister 這個人的種種嗎?總要有個依循吧?

大意:

當Burton's sister 的姐姐抵達時，我發現她全然不像(或一點都不像)是我過去(之前)所預期的(A好鬥) 和(B難以相處的)女人

學習心得:

看到英文句子的第一步是快速瀏覽句子找到主詞和動詞，遇到句子較長時，得要透過分段和刪除修飾的句子就能找到主詞和動詞，就像是找到屋子裡的主人般，而不會把傭人看成主人或把小孩當作主人。

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朝雲                  back index    

留言時間

2010-04-29 10:03:24

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Chapter20 Grammar Focus 動名詞

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P243

動名詞顧名思義，就是由動詞轉變而來的名詞。名詞在句中可作主詞、受詞、補語，動名詞也具有這些同樣的功能。英文中有受詞的除了動詞外，還有介係詞。幾乎所有介係詞都可以接動名詞做受詞。至於動詞以動名詞為受詞的各種的各種情形，將於下一章介紹。

…………………………………….

練習：以下（）的字為動名詞，說明該動名詞的功能：作主詞，動詞的受詞，或介係詞的受詞。

1. (Swimming) is good for the health.

2. (Reading) is a good habit.

3. (Getting) married is an act of hope.

4. (Knocking) on wood is a superstition in American culture.

5. She enjoys (cooking).

6. I am tired of (doing) the same thing.

7. He makes a living by (teaching) English.

8. He is good at (cooking).

9. He left without (saying) anything.

10. We prevented him from (doing) it.

11. Thanks for (coming).

12. He talked me into (buying) the new car.

13. They were worried about （being） a burden on us.

留言者

sh3025

留言時間

2010-04-29 11:48:50

標題

Re:Chapter20 Grammar Focus 動名詞

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試解：

P243
動名詞顧名思義，就是由動詞轉變而來的名詞。名詞在句中可作主詞、受詞、補語，動名詞也具有這些同樣的功能。英文中有受詞的除了動詞外，還有介係詞。幾乎所有介係詞都可以接動名詞做受詞。至於動詞以動名詞為受詞的各種的各種情形，將於下一章介紹。
…………………………………….
練習：以下（）的字為動名詞，說明該動名詞的功能：作主詞，動詞的受詞，或介係詞的受詞。

1. (Swimming) is good for the health.
= > 主詞

2. (Reading) is a good habit.
= > 主詞

3. (Getting) married is an act of hope.
= > 主詞

4. (Knocking) on wood is a superstition in American culture.
= > 主詞

5. She enjoys (cooking).
= > 動詞的受詞

6. I am tired of (doing) the same thing.
= > 介係詞的受詞

7. He makes a living by (teaching) English.
= > 介係詞的受詞

8. He is good at (cooking).
= > 介係詞的受詞

9. He left without (saying) anything.
= > 介係詞的受詞

10. We prevented him from (doing) it.
= > 介係詞的受詞

11. Thanks for (coming).
= > 介係詞的受詞

12. He talked me into (buying) the new car.
= > 介係詞的受詞

13. They were worried about （being） a burden on us.
= > 介係詞的受詞

留言者

朝雲                                       back index

留言時間

2010-05-04 20:33:15

標題

Chapter 21 Grammar Focus 動詞接不定詞或動名詞

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P251

不定詞與動名詞都可以當動詞的受詞。使用情形大致如下：

（一） 多數的動詞只接不定詞，例如：

They decided to go.

（二） 有些動詞只能以動名詞為受詞，例如：

I enjoyed watching TV.

本類的動詞常用的約有二三十個，

例如：finish, keep, mind, avoid, practice, imagine, admit等，應記下來。

（三） 另有些動詞，可以不定詞或動名詞做受詞，但會造成不同解釋，例如：

stop talking 是停止談話

stop to talk 是停止其他事情以便談話

至於哪些動詞以及在什麼情況下要接不定詞或動名詞，除了從大量閱讀中去觀察外，還可參考文法書或字典。

補充：另外有少數字詞之後習慣接動名詞。例如Chapter19 有句對話：

I’ve been busy packing for the trip back home and saying goodbye to people.

packing及saying 用動名詞跟前面busy這個字用法有關。

這類字詞將於Chapter32 Grammar Focus 的練習中介紹。

﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍

練習：請觀察以下（　）的動詞是以不定詞或動名詞為其受詞。

1. I (wish) to invite him to my wedding.

2. He (promised) to help us.

3. I never (expected) to see them again.

4. I (want) to stay home.

5. He (asked) me to come earlier.

6. The policeman (ordered) us to leave immediately.

7. I’ll (finish) reading this book as soon as possible.

8. We try to (avoid) making mistakes.

9. They (practice) speaking English every day.

10. He (admitted) stealing the money.

11. I won’t (mind) waiting a few minutes.

12. I (remember) meeting your uncle when I was a child.

13. (Remember) to see your uncle tomorrow.

14. The police invented a way to (stop) speeding.

15. I usually (stop) to buy a newspaper when I pass the newsstand.

留言者

朝雲                                             back index

留言時間

2010-05-04 20:33:41

標題

Chapter 22 Grammar Focus句子的擴大

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P262

Chapter 3 的Grammar Focus中曾經提過句子除了基本的主詞，動詞，受詞，或補語外，常常加入修飾語使得句子內容更豐富。修飾語如果是單字那很好辨認，如果是一大串的片語或子句，初學者若不細心辨識可能會霧煞煞。以下的練習中各題加以組合之後都是課文中的長句子。希望同學透過這樣的練習，體會句子如何由簡短衍生為複雜的過程。

﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍

練習：請將句尾（　）的修飾語放入句中適當位置。

1. They are sitting in a restaurant waiting for two friends to come. ( called “ TGIF” ) ( ,Abbey and Jerry, )

2. Did you see the hat? (that Mr. Ray was wearing today)

3. At Halloween people attend parties. (at which they wear special costumes)

4. Author Daniel Defoe’s long story is usually considered the earliest actual novel. ( ,published in 1719, )

( written in the English language )

sh3025 留言內容

留言時間 2010-05-05 11:41:53

標題 Re:Chapter 22 Grammar Focus句子的擴大

試解：

P262

練習：請將句尾（　）的修飾語放入句中適當位置。

1. They are sitting in a restaurant waiting for two friends to come. ( called “ TGIF” ) ( ,Abbey and Jerry, )

= > They are sitting in a restaurant called “TGIF” waiting for two friends, Abbey and Jerry, to come.

2. Did you see the hat? (that Mr. Ray was wearing today)

= > Did you see the hat that Mr. Ray was wearing today?

3. At Halloween people attend parties. (at which they wear special costumes)

= > At Halloween people attend parties at which they wear special costumes.

4. Author Daniel Defoe’s long story is usually considered the earliest actual novel. ( ,published in 1719, )

( written in the English language )

= > Author Daniel Defoe’s long story ,published in 1719, is usually considered the earliest actual novel written in the English language.